Autism spectrum disorder, Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), cerebral palsy (CP), sensory disorders, developmental disorders: Many conditions defy “normal” medical and therapeutic treatments, and many patients and caregivers seek alternatives.
An unusual and effective therapeutic approach, hippotherapy is a therapeutic approach that uses the movement and sensory input of horses in a clinical or therapeutic setting. Hippotherapy is used by physical therapists, occupational therapists, and speech therapists.
According to the American Hippotherapy Association (AHA)
Hippotherapy is a physical, occupational, or speech and language therapy treatment strategy that utilizes equine movement. Hippotherapy literally means “treatment with the help of the horse” from the Greek word, “hippos” meaning horse.
Hippotherapy is unique in that the horse’s movements actually guide the patient. While “therapeutic riding” or “horse therapy” are therapies involving horses, in these cases, the patient learns to ride the horse. By contrast, hippotherapy involves letting the movements of the horse take the lead, guiding the patient. This requires a specially trained therapist and, usually, a separate horse-handler. In this scenario, three people are involved: The patient, the therapist, and the handler.
The movements of horses are rhythmic yet varied. The patient, riding the horse, must make subtle muscle movements in response to the horse’s movement in order to retain his or her seat. This therapy is shown to be effective for a variety of conditions, improving posture, muscle control, strength, endurance, sensory perception, attention, rhythm, and even respiration.
Hippotherapy was developed in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland in the 1960s, and was performed by physical therapists. By the 1980s, a formal hippotherapy curriculum was developed. This came to pass when North American therapists traveled to Germany to train in hippotherapy. They brought the discipline back to the U.S. and Canada with them, and by 1992, the AHA was formed.
In the United States, there are more than two dozen AHA member hippotherapy facilities from coast to coast.
